The main purpose of a company going public is to obtain funding to support its operations and development. However, once the company goes public on the US stock market, it may still require further financial support. This article will introduce some ways for companies to obtain funds after listing on the US stock market.
Financing can usually be divided into two types: equity financing and debt financing. Equity financing refers to the joint sharing of risks and benefits between investors and enterprises; Debt financing refers to companies borrowing from relevant institutions.

Equity financing:

一、Capital Private Placement

Capital private placement is a financing method that does not require approval from the SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission). Private equity targets can include institutional investors, wealthy individual investors, and overseas investors from outside the United States. There is no clear limit on the amount of private placement, but according to SEC regulations, private placement is divided into three levels: below 1 million, below 5 million, and unlimited private placement. Investors need to provide relevant audit documents and financial reports to investors. Investors are not allowed to sell their equity in the market within one year, but they can engage in private transactions that do not require SEC approval.

二、Rights Offering

The issuance of new shares requires approval from the SEC, but since the listed company already has stock trading in the market, the issuance process is relatively easy to obtain the support of underwriters and sell in the market.

三、secondary offering

Secondary offering refers to the main individual or institutional shareholders of a company selling their restricted shares to the public. The procedure for a secondary offering is exactly the same as an IPO and must be approved by the SEC.

四、Forward vouchers

Forward certificates are generally used as a promotional tool during the issuance of new shares, ensuring that certificate holders can purchase company stocks at a specified price. At the time of sale, the price is usually higher than the market price of the company's stock.

五、Other SEC exempted fundraising methods

Including in state offerings and small capital offerings, all of which are exempt from SEC approval. However, due to the relatively loose regulations on capital private placement by the SEC in recent years, other SEC exempt capital raising methods have been rarely used.

六、Private funds and venture funds

As a listed company, it has a clear exit mechanism and is highly attractive to venture capital funds and private funds.

Debt financing:

一、bank loans

After the company goes public, its value is clearly confirmed, making bank loans relatively easy. At the same time, companies can even use company stocks as collateral for loans.

二、bond issue

For large and stable traditional industry companies, issuing corporate bonds at an appropriate time can be considered. Prior to this, credit ratings from Moody's and S&P 500 must be obtained.

三、Other forms of loans

Short term loans include commercial paper, bridge loans, etc.

These are the main methods for companies to continue financing after listing on the US stock market, each with its own characteristics and applicable scenarios. Enterprises can choose the most suitable financing method based on their own situation to support their sustainable development.